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题目：

On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.

选项:

A、On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow
B、On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are, it is believed, the rate of tree growth
C、On Earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surest indications of sunspot cycles
D、Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles, believed to be the tree growth rate
E、Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rate at which trees grow

答案:

E
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题目：

According to recent studies comparing the nutritional value of meat from wild animals and meat from domesticated animals, wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat they think is good for cardiac health.

选项:

A、wild animals have less total fat than do livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat they think is
B、wild animals have less total fat than livestock fed on grain and more of a kind of fat thought to be
C、wild animals have less total fat than that of livestock fed on grain and have more fat of a kind thought to be
D、total fat of wild animals is less than livestock fed on grain and they have more fat of a kind thought to be
E、total fat is less in wild animals than that of livestock fed on grain and more of their fat is of a kind they think is

答案:

B
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题目：

Starfish, with anywhere from five to eight arms, have a strong regenerative ability, and if one arm is lost it quickly replaces it, sometimes by the animal overcompensating and growing an extra one or two.

选项:

A、one arm is lost it quickly replaces it, sometimes by the animal overcompensating and
B、one arm is lost it is quickly replaced, with the animal sometimes overcompensating and
C、they lose one arm they quickly replace it, sometimes by the animal overcompensating,
D、they lose one arm they are quickly replaced, with the animal sometimes overcompensating,
E、they lose one arm it is quickly replaced, sometimes with the animal overcompensating,

答案:

B
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题目：

Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

选项:

A、Heavy commitment by an executive to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes it likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.
B、An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that worked well in the past, makes missing signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting ones likely when they do appear.
C、An executive who is heavily committed to a course of action is likely to miss or misinterpret signs of incipient trouble when they do appear, especially if it has worked well in the past.
D、Executives' being heavily committed to a course of action, especially if it has worked well in the past, makes them likely to miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpreting them when they do appear.
E、Being heavily committed to a course of action, especially one that has worked well in the past, is likely to make an executive miss signs of incipient trouble or misinterpret them when they do appear.

答案:

E
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[Problem Solving]

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题目：

The charge for a single room at Hotel P  is 25 percent less than the charge for a single room at Hotel R  and 10 percent less than the charge for a single room at Hotel G . The charge for a single room at Hotel R  is what percent greater than the charge for a single room at Hotel G  ?

选项:

A、15%
B、20%
C、40%
D、50%
E、150%

答案:

B
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题目：

The remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region can, in part, be explained as a very rapid movement of people from one end of North America to the other.

选项:

A、The remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region can, in part, be explained as
B、Thule artifacts being remarkably similar throughout a vast region, one explanation is
C、That Thule artifacts are remarkably similar throughout a vast region is, in part, explainable as
D、One explanation for the remarkable similarity of Thule artifacts throughout a vast region is that there was
E、Throughout a vast region Thule artifacts are remarkably similar, with one explanation for this being

答案:

D
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题目：

A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church, as indicated in its eastward orientation and by its overall plan, as well as artifacts, such as glass oil-lamp fragments, found at the site.

选项:

A、A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church, as indicated in its eastward orientation and by its overall plan, as well as
B、A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, once probably being a church, was indicated by its eastward orientation, overall plan, and
C、Indicating that a ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church were its eastward orientation and overall plan, but also the
D、A ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church, as indicates its eastward orientation and overall plan, as well as the
E、That a ruined structure found at Aqaba, Jordan, was probably a church is indicated by its eastward orientation and overall plan, as well as by the

答案:

E
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[Critical Reasoning]

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In the year following an eight-cent increase in the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes, sales of cigarettes fell ten percent.  In contrast, in the year prior to the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent.  The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes.
 
The argument above requires which of following assumptions?

选项:

A、During the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes did not increase by as much as it had during the year prior to the tax increase.
B、The one percent fall in cigarette sales in the year prior to tax increase was due to a smaller tax increase.
C、The pretax price of a pack of cigarettes gradually decreased throughout the year before and the year after the tax increase.
D、For the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes was not eight or more cents lower than it had been the previous year.
E、As the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes rises, the pretax price also rises.

答案:

D
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题目：

For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.

选项:

A、each a roof of poles and arrowweed
B、each a roof of poles and arrowweed that are being
C、with each being a roof of poles and arrowweed
D、with roofs of poles and arrowweed to be
E、with roofs of poles and arrowweed that are

答案:

A
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题目：

Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, they are named for the New Mexico site where they were first discovered in 1932.

选项:

A、Even though Clovis points, spear points with longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces, have been found all over North America, they are named for the New Mexico site where they were first discovered in 1932.
B、Although named for the New Mexico site where first discovered in 1932, Clovis points are spear points of longitudinal grooves chipped onto their faces and have been found all over North America.
C、Named for the New Mexico site where they have been first discovered in 1932, Clovis points, spear points of longitudinal grooves chipped onto the faces, have been found all over North America.
D、Spear points with longitudinal grooves that are chipped onto the faces, Clovis points, even though named for the New Mexico site where first discovered in 1932, but were found all over North America.
E、While Clovis points are spear points whose faces have longitudinal grooves chipped into them, they have been found all over North America, and named for the New Mexico site where they have been first discovered in 1932.

答案:

A
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According to the passage, the computer models referred to in the highlighted text have had which of the following effects?
请问张慧雯老师，虽然做对了，但是本题主要在de中间徘徊，主要应该是对这句内容的理解this formation is buoyant enough to rise slowly within the mantle and strong enough to push Africa upward as it rises.是不是这句话只是聊的是推动非洲向上的趋势，但是没有说谁上谁下的问题？d又如何得出呢？
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Vorland's government is planning a nationwide ban on smoking in restaurants.  The objection that the ban would reduce restaurants' revenues is ill founded.  Several towns in Vorland enacted restaurant smoking restrictions five years ago.  Since then, the amount the government collects in restaurant meal taxes in those towns has increased 34 percent, on average, but only 26 percent elsewhere in Vorland.  The amount collected in restaurant meal taxes closely reflects restaurants' revenues.
 
Which of the following, if true, most undermines the defense of the government's plan?
请问张慧雯老师，这题绕了很久，问的是削弱政府的计划，政府的结论是全面禁烟他们的生意变多了，所以是要找禁烟使生意变少的吗？这里好晕，主要对de两个选项有问题
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Though sucking zinc lozenges has been promoted as a treatment for the common cold, research has revealed no consistent effect.  Recently, however, a zinc gel applied nasally has been shown to greatly reduce the duration of colds.  Since the gel contains zinc in the same form and concentration as the lozenges, the greater effectiveness of the gel must be due to the fact that cold viruses tend to concentrate in the nose, not the mouth.
 
In order to evaluate the argument, it would be most helpful to determine which of the following?
请问张慧雯老师，本题说l是治疗感冒的一种方式，现在发现有个z效果更好，但是她两的成分是一样的，所以后面的重点就讨论了病毒是在鼻子集中还是嘴巴集中的问题。然后就选了b，不明白这个逻辑和activity of the zinc有什么关系，选b的原因是不是还是我只关注了结论？
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If x is a positive integer, is the remainder 0 when (3x + 1)/10?
(1)     x = 3n + 2, where n is a positive integer.
(2)     x > 4
请问徐小梅老师，这道题为什么不选a？3x的次方的尾数循环应该是3971，3n+2应该是循环余2应该尾数就是9，然后在+1应该就是10，然后再除10不应该就是余数确定为0吗？
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Aroca City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property.  In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city.  Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes.  The critics are correct on this point.  Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca's schools.  Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more.  In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.
 
In the argument given, the two potions in boldface play which of the following roles?
请教张慧雯老师，这题我觉得结论句是 In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.黑体2，然后两个黑体之间夹着一个 Nevertheless, 应该是意思相反的，排除b和c，然后再加上 the critics are correct on this point. 所以排除d， 然后ae里面纠结，对于黑体1那部分的解释也挺晕的。
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As a large corporation in a small country, Hachnut wants its managers to have international experience, so each year it sponsors management education abroad for its management trainees.  Hachnut has found, however, that the attrition rate of graduates from this program is very high, with many of them leaving Hachnut to join competing firms soon after completing the program.  Hachnut does use performance during the program as a criterion in deciding among candidates for management positions, but both this function and the goal of providing international experience could be achieved in other ways.  Therefore, if the attrition problem cannot be successfully addressed, Hachnut should discontinue the sponsorship program.
 
In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?
请教张慧雯老师，本题对第一个黑体没有什么疑问，问题主要集中在第二个黑体。结论句应该是：Therefore, if the attrition problem cannot be successfully addressed, Hachnut should discontinue the sponsorship program.然后还原我当时的思路：我看到在这个结论句里面有个条件句： if the attrition problem cannot be successfully addressed, 也就是如果这个问题没有被成功解决的话，h的这个项目就不能继续了。然后我看到cde三个选项后半部分都是cannot achieve its objective， is not needed. should be abandoned.指向性唯一的否定句，我就觉得都有问题，因为结论谈的是如果xx就会xx，并没有肯定的结果，结果取决于那个条件有没有发生。但是这个三个选项就都明确说了一个唯一可能的结果，所以我刚上来就把cde排除了，然后就跑去ab里面纠结，请老师指出我的问题。
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Proposal:  Carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere block the escape of heat into space.  So emission of these "greenhouse" gases contributes to global warming.  In order to reduce global warming, emission of greenhouse gases needs to be reduced.  Therefore, the methane now emitted from open landfills should instead be burned to produce electricity.
 
Objection:  The burning of methane generates carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere.
 
Which of the following, if true, most adequately counters the objection made to the proposal?
请问张慧雯老师这题我的理解就是其实他想让我们找一个支持proposal的观点，我提取的逻辑链是：m应该去生产电→温室气体排放减少，然后基于这个逻辑链内容我觉得d似乎和逻辑链内容无关我第一次就排除了，然后看到c起码谈了m生产电和温室气体的问题就选了c，请问老师这题我的问题在哪？什么时候我要聚焦逻辑链的内容，什么时候我要看背景信息呢？ 同时想请问老师在GMAT逻辑备考中的一个共性问题，就是我目前看逻辑题感觉对提取逻辑链不敏感（比较绕的那种）同时快速看懂题目到底想要表达什么意思呢？感觉阅读是考虑段间关系或者句间关系是重点，阅读还有点点感觉，但是逻辑感觉还是比较晕乎，有时候读不懂题目和选项（我知道找主谓关系肯定很重要，但是我有时候理出来还是有点不知道命题人的本质意思，绕不过来）请老师针对上述情况指点如何备考。
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It is theoretically possible that bacteria developed on Mars early in its history and that some were carried to Earth by a meteorite.  However, strains of bacteria from different planets would probably have substantial differences in protein structure that would persist over time, and no two bacterial strains on Earth are different enough to have arisen on different planets.  So, even if bacteria did arrive on Earth from Mars, they must have died out.
 
The argument is most vulnerable to which of the following criticisms?
请教张慧雯老师，这题读的晕晕乎乎的，先说说我的理解：来自不同星球的strains of bacteria有不同的蛋白保护结构啥的，没有两个sb绝对不一样以至于能在另一个星球存活。a选项聊的是这个病毒是否是火星来的，聊的是来源问题，b选项聊的是他怎么运输过来的问题，c选项聊的是他有没有通过其他方式运过来的问题，d聊得貌似也是他是不是火星来的问题？感觉和a有点点像的意思，如何区分ad？e聊的是 strains of bacteria是不是来源于地球然后灭绝了。第一次选了e，请老师讲解ade选项和我的理解问题，如果这道题我在考场上就像说的晕晕乎乎的这个程度，如何尽可能的选出正确答案？
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[GWD]

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Tanco, a leather manufacturer, uses large quantities of common salt to preserve animal hides.  New environmental regulations have significantly increased the cost of disposing of salt water that results from this use, and, in consequence, Tanco is considering a plan to use potassium chloride in place of common salt.  Research has shown that Tanco could reprocess the by-product of potassium chloride use to yield a crop fertilizer, leaving a relatively small volume of waste for disposal.
 
In determining the impact on company profits of using potassium chloride in place of common salt, it would be important for Tanco to research all of the following EXCEPT:
请问张慧雯老师，这题我看懂了，现在说说我选项间排除的思路，问题问的是：这个公司用pc替代盐的利润，找无关的 首先我觉得这题和钱有关的肯定对ac没问题，bde觉得都和钱和利润没什么关系，不知道如何排除bd选项。b谈的是设备合不合适的问题，可以理解为如果不合适就会浪费钱吗？d又如何排除呢？bde纠结。
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[Undefined]

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Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
 
A new drug, taken twice daily for one month, is an effective treatment for a certain disease.  The drug now most commonly prescribed for the disease occasionally has serious side effects such as seizures; in field tests, the new drug's side effects, though no worse than mild nausea, turned out to be much more frequent.  Nevertheless, the new drug is clearly preferable as a treatment, since _____.
请问张慧雯老师，我可以理解e是对的，然后现在对abd两个选项有疑问,先说说我对题目的理解，一个新药对一种病的治疗很有效，但是他偶尔会有一些副作用，在最近的实验里它的副作用变得更加频繁，但是他仍然是一种更受欢迎的治疗方式，因为？ b选项的问题是不是因为他违背了原文背景信息，因为他已经说了就是他有副作用，所以排除？我d选项有问题的理由是他说有人接受了有效的治疗就不会再得这种病了，我当时想的是就说明这个药效果很好，药到病除，就算有副作用也不妨碍他很受欢迎；a选项说有n症状的人不会再吃这个药了，但是这个现象是普遍的而不是个例，所以排除？请老师看看我其他几个选项排除的理由中的漏洞。
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