老师您好能否帮我讲解下下面这个文章考试时该如何读，我读完这种文章压根不知道在说什么，只知道在讲ocean basin形成机制的几种理论。No very satisfactory account of the mechanism that caused the formation of the ocean basins has yet been given. The traditional view supposes that the upper mantle of the earth behaves as a liquid when it is subjected to small forces for long periods and that differences in temperature under oceans and continents are sufficient to produce convection in the mantle of the earth with rising convection currents under the mid-ocean ridges and sinking currents under the continents. Theoretically, this convection would carry the continental plates along as though they were on a conveyor belt (conveyor belt: n. 传送带) and would provide the forces needed to produce the split that occurs along the ridge. This view may be correct: it has the advantage that the currents are driven by temperature differences that themselves depend on the position of the continents. Such a back-coupling, in which the position of the moving plate has an impact on the forces that move it, could produce complicated and varying motions. On the other hand, the theory is implausible because convection does not normally occur along lines, and it certainly does not occur along lines broken by frequent offsets (an abrupt bend in an object by which one part is turned aside out of line) or changes in direction, as the ridge is. Also it is difficult to see how the theory applies to the plate between the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the ridge in the Indian Ocean. This plate is growing on both sides, and since there is no intermediate trench, the two ridges must be moving apart. It would be odd if the rising convection currents kept exact pace with them. An alternative theory is that the sinking part of the plate, which is denser than the hotter surrounding mantle, pulls the rest of the plate after it. Again it is difficult to see how this applies to the ridge in the South Atlantic, where neither the African nor the American plate has a sinking part. Another possibility is that the sinking plate cools the neighboring mantle and produces convection currents that move the plates. This last theory is attractive because it gives some hope of explaining the enclosed seas, such as the Sea of Japan. These seas have a typical oceanic floor, except that the floor is overlaid by several kilometers of sediment. Their floors have probably been sinking for long periods. It seems possible that a sinking current of cooled mantle material on the upper side of the plate might be the cause of such deep basins. The enclosed seas are an important feature of the earth’s surface, and seriously require explanation because, in addition to the enclosed seas that are developing at present behind island arcs, there are a number of older ones of possibly similar origin, such as the Gulf of Mexico, the Black Sea, and perhaps the North Sea.

请陆旭老师回答一下。我觉得B和E都挺对的，因为都说了such labour怎样，和需要填空之前的内容关系非常密切。感谢老师解答！

请陆旭老师回答一下。请问这一题为什么选D。D选项没怎么看懂，然后我选了E。

请问陆旭老师，这道题我在网上找不到，不知道来源，只好贴上。这个CR正确选项D，没有过度推理吗？如果只是大众知道这个鸟有药用价值，不一定引发偷猎吧？C我反而觉得更直接削弱逻辑链：这个鸟住在palm tree上，森林区片化减少了鸟的数量。C：fragmentation 使palm tree 长得更好了，很直接地作用于这个逻辑链啊。我想不通为什么您上课说D更直接？或者您认为削弱题目给出一个他因是一种非常直接的削弱方法，优先于对原文给出原因提出质疑？

@Tina老师，我想问您一下关于跳读的事儿。我一直比较纠结😣 我觉得对于长文章跳读是抓主旨，然后题目问到细节时再回读原文。可是我做细节题的时候再回来看原文的时候，就发现跟原文那个框架逻辑连不上了，没有一遍我都读下来我理的细节和框架之间的关系清。还有的细节题我如果第一遍不全读时就找不到定位的位置，内心就会很急躁，第一遍读了的话，我可能看到那个题目问细节就会直接有反应，但也可能因为模糊记忆而出错。但是有些难文章，我如果都读的话，就是细节也没看懂，主旨也会读的糊涂 老师，我这种情况是不是应该还是把全文都看了呀，如果细节我发现乱乱的话，再不读？您有什么好的建议么？

@Tina老师，老师，A和E您讲完我觉得确实E的语意更好。但是E的修饰as the first American women那里我觉得有问题。前面的Dr那个人是一个定语，可以被那个as…那个短语修饰到么？就被我直接排除了，求老师解答。

@Tina老师，老师，这道题我明白AB的surely语意不太好。但我不明白CDE里面该怎么选。我觉得c选项，as much technological as 没有DE明确的 technological infrastructure和 economic infrastructure这样比直接。C选项是什么和什么比吖？DE为什么被排除了呢？谢谢老师！

@Tina老师，老师这道题我AC选项当时纠结选了C。觉得A原文只是说吃油是导致diseases的原因，没说是不是主要。C选项说的比较含糊，说这个inflammation和是一种反应，这种反应和immune 系统有关。我觉得c挺好的，为什么不对呢？

@Tina老师，老师我主要想问您一下C和E选项。C选项的claim是只表示观点的意思不能指事实么？E选项我排除是因为后半部分。conclusion about a predicted bad effect of the policy. 是怎么理解鸭，B2是批评critics的。我觉得critics是说的关于这个政策的坏影响（不好的地方）。所以把E排除了。麻烦老师帮忙解答。

@Tina，老师，我想问您这道题AB选项，应该用have shown 还是have been shown 吖，还是说主被动都可以呢。我觉得have shown读的挺顺的。英吉老师说since跟前面都previous形成反差，我觉得也有道理，但我做题时没想出来这点。

@Tina老师，老师，我想问一下这道题的b和c选项，我没有太理解