上周没讲专题，我们这周补上，另外，我身体没什么事情，各位不用再问我问题前加句前言不搭后语的话：老师，听说你身体不好，一定要注意哦！天气太热了；我问你个问题。。。。，让我感觉前后内容完全脱节，还是直接问吧，别绕了，又绕不好！ Comparable worth, as a standard applied to eliminate inequities in pay, insists that the values of certain tasks performed in dissimilar jobs can be compared. In the last decade, this approach has become a critical social policy issue, as large numbers of private-sector firms and industries as well as federal, state, and local governmental entities have adopted comparable worth policies or begun to consider doing so. This widespread institutional awareness of comparable worth indicates increased public awareness that pay inequities--that is, situations in which pay is not "fair" because it does not reflect the true value of a job--exist in the labor market. However, the question still remains: have the gains already made in pay equity under comparable worth principles been of a precedent-setting nature or are they mostly transitory, a function of concessions made by employers to mislead female employees into believing that they have made long-term pay equity gains? Comparable worth pay adjustments are indeed precedent-setting. Because of the principles driving them, other mandates that can be applied to reduce or eliminate unjustified pay gaps between male and female workers have not remedied perceived pay inequities satisfactorily for the litigants in cases in which men and women hold different jobs. But whenever comparable worth principles are applied to pay schedules, perceived unjustified pay differences are eliminated. In this sense, then, comparable worth is more comprehensive than other mandates, such as the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Neither compares tasks in dissimilar jobs (that is, jobs across occupational categories) in an effort to determine whether or not what is necessary to perform these tasks--know-how, problem-solving, and accountability--can be quantified in terms of its dollar value to the employer. Comparable worth, on the other hand, takes as its premise that certain tasks in dissimilar jobs may require a similar amount of training, effort, and skill; may carry similar responsibility; may be carried on in an environment having a similar impact upon the worker; and may have a similar dollar value to the employer. Question #43. 281-01 (23269-!-item-!-188;#058&000281-01) Which of the following most accurately states the central purpose of the passage? (A) To criticize the implementation of a new procedure (B) To assess the significance of a change in policy (C) To illustrate how a new standard alters procedures (D) To explain how a new policy is applied in specific cases (E) To summarize the changes made to date as a result of social policy Many United States companies believe that the rising cost of employees' health care benefits has hurt the country's competitive position in the global market by raising production costs and thus increasing the prices of exported and domestically sold goods. As a result, these companies have shifted health care costs to employees in the form of wage deductions or high deductibles. This strategy, however, has actually hindered companies' competitiveness. For example, cost shifting threatens employees' health because many do not seek preventive screening. Also, labor relations have been damaged: the percentage of strikes in which health benefits were a major issue rose from 18 percent in 1986 to 78 percent in 1989. Health care costs can be managed more effectively if companies intervene in the supply side of health care delivery just as they do with other key suppliers: strategies used to procure components necessary for production would work in procuring health care. For example, the make/buy decision--the decision whether to produce or purchase parts used in making a product--can be applied to health care. At one company, for example, employees receive health care at an on-site clinic maintained by the company. The clinic fosters morale, resulting in a low rate of employees leaving the company. Additionally, the company has constrained the growth of health care costs while expanding medical services. Question #47. 323-01 (23463-!-item-!-188;#058&000323-01) The passage is primarily concerned with (A) providing support for a traditional theory (B) comparing several explanations for a problem (C) summarizing a well-known research study (D) recommending an alternative approach (E) criticizing the work of a researcher Dendrochronology, the study of tree-ring records to glean information about the past, is possible because each year a tree adds a new layer of wood between the existing wood and the bark. In temperate and subpolar climates, cells added at the growing season's start are large and thin-walled, but later the new cells that develop are smaller and thick-walled; the growing season is followed by a period of dormancy. When a tree trunk is viewed in cross section, a boundary line is normally visible between the small-celled wood added at the end of the growing season in the previous year and the large-celled spring wood of the following year's growing season. The annual growth pattern appears as a series of larger and larger rings. In wet years rings are broad; during drought years they are narrow, since the trees grow less. Often, ring patterns of dead trees of different, but overlapping, ages can be correlated to provide an extended index of past climate conditions. However, trees that grew in areas with a steady supply of groundwater show little variation in ring width from year to year; these "complacent" rings tell nothing about changes in climate. And trees in extremely dry regions may go a year or two without adding any rings, thereby introducing uncertainties into the count. Certain species sometimes add more than one ring in a single year, when growth halts temporarily and then starts again. The passage is primarily concerned with (A) evaluating the effect of climate on the growth of trees of different species (B) questioning the validity of a method used to study tree-ring records (C) explaining how climatic conditions can be deduced from tree-ring patterns (D) outlining the relation between tree size and cell structure within the tree (E) tracing the development of a scientific method of analyzing tree-ring patterns What kinds of property rights apply to Algonquian family hunting territories, and how did they come to be? The dominant view in recent decades has been that family hunting territories, like other forms of private landownership, were not found among Algonquians (a group of North American Indian tribes) before contact with Europeans but are the result of changes in Algonquian society brought about by the European-Algonquian fur trade, in combination with other factors such as ecological changes and consequent shifts in wildlife harvesting patterns. Another view claims that Algonquian family hunting territories predate contact with Europeans and are forms of private landownership by individuals and families. More recent fieldwork, however, has shown that individual and family rights to hunting territories form part of a larger land-use system of multifamilial hunting groups, that rights to hunting territories at this larger community level take precedence over those at the individual or family level, and that this system reflects a concept of spiritual and social reciprocity that conflicts with European concepts of private property. In short, there are now strong reasons to think that it was erroneous to claim that Algonquian family hunting territories ever were, or were becoming, a kind of private property system. Question #53. 351-01 (23751-!-item-!-188;#058&000351-01) The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) provide an explanation for an unexpected phenomenon (B) suggest that a particular question has yet to be answered (C) present a new perspective on an issue (D) defend a traditional view from attack (E) reconcile opposing sides of an argument Many people believe that because wages are lower in developing countries than in developed countries, competition from developing countries in goods traded internationally will soon eliminate large numbers of jobs in developed countries. Currently, developed countries' advanced technology results in higher productivity, which accounts for their higher wages. Advanced technology is being transferred ever more speedily across borders, but even with the latest technology, productivity and wages in developing countries will remain lower than in developed countries for many years because developed countries have better infrastructure and better-educated workers. When productivity in a developing country does catch up, experience suggests that wages there will rise. Some individual firms in developing countries have raised their productivity but kept their wages (which are influenced by average productivity in the country's economy) low. However, in a developing country's economy as a whole, productivity improvements in goods traded internationally are likely to cause an increase in wages. Furthermore, if wages are not allowed to rise, the value of the country's currency will appreciate, which (from the developed countries' point of view) is the equivalent of increased wages in the developing country. And although in the past a few countries have deliberately kept their currencies undervalued, that is now much harder to do in a world where capital moves more freely. Question #56. 549-01 (23894-!-item-!-188;#058&000549-01) The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) identify the origin of a common misconception (B) discuss the implications of a generally accepted principle (C) present information relevant in evaluating a commonly held belief (D) defend a controversial assertion against a variety of counterarguments (E) explain under what circumstances a well-known phenomenon occurs A recent study has provided clues to predator-prey dynamics in the late Pleistocene era. Researchers compared the number of tooth fractures in present-day carnivores with tooth fractures in carnivores that lived 36,000 to 10,000 years ago and that were preserved in the Rancho La Brea tar pits in Los Angeles. The breakage frequencies in the extinct species were strikingly higher than those in the present-day species. In considering possible explanations for this finding, the researchers dismissed demographic bias because older individuals were not overrepresented in the fossil samples. They rejected preservational bias because a total absence of breakage in two extinct species demonstrated that the fractures were not the result of abrasion within the pits. They ruled out local bias because breakage data obtained from other Pleistocene sites were similar to the La Brea data. The explanation they consider most plausible is behavioral differences between extinct and present-day carnivores--in particular, more contact between the teeth of predators and the bones of prey due to more thorough consumption of carcasses by the extinct species. Such thorough carcass consumption implies to the researchers either that prey availability was low, at least seasonally, or that there was intense competition over kills and a high rate of carcass theft due to relatively high predator densities. Question #59. 560-01 (24039-!-item-!-188;#058&000560-01) The primary purpose of the passage is to (A) present several explanations for a well-known fact (B) suggest alternative methods for resolving a debate (C) argue in favor of a controversial theory (D) question the methodology used in a study (E) discuss the implications of a research finding

这题完全不知道怎么做，看了答案也没明白

If n is the product of the integers from 1 to 20 inclusive, what is the greatest integer k for which 2^k is a factor of n? A. 10 B. 12 C. 15 D. 18 E. 20

Despite the increasing number of women graduating from law school and passing bar examinations, the proportion of judges and partners at major law firms who are women have not risen to a comparable extent. (A) the proportion of judges and partners at major law firms who are women have not risen to a comparable extent (B) the proportion of women judges and partners at major law firms have not risen comparably (C) the proportion of judges and partners at major law firms who are women has not risen comparably (D) yet the proportion of women judges and partners at major law firms has not risen to a comparable extent (E) yet the proportion of judges and partners at major law firms who are women has not risen comparably

我觉得我的问题是自己做的时候思路不是很清楚。 我现在有上十月份的机经班，然后我在跟着老师分析的时候我就是比较清楚，然后正确率就比我平时自己做的时候高很多。 我平时做prep之后也会听自主答疑，然后找问题的思路，但是对自己没有很深入。我要怎样才能就是让思路变得更清晰一点呢？ 因为我是大四在读学生，平时除去上课时间，晚上有时间还有平时抽出来的时间可以复习GMAT. 然后我还有一个月就考试了，然后我制定了一下计划，希望老师帮我改一下。 1. 再重新看一遍OG,着重看讲解，搞懂里面的语法讲解，总结出OG里面的语法知识和做题思路。用一个星期。 2. 每天练一篇OG的阅读精读和作文。 3. 第二个星期专项练习 CR, RC,SR,PS,DS. 4. 第三个星期做PREP和GWD， 然后做专项分析。 5. 第四个星期做计时的全 GWD set，模考当天考试的情况，找出这个考试当时可能会出现的问题。

不懂这题的逻辑，求解！ Kernland imposes a high tariff on the export of unprocessed cashew nuts in order to ensure that the nuts are sold to domestic processing plants. If the tariff were lifted and unprocessed cashews were sold at world market prices, more farmers could profit by growing cashews. However, since all the processing plants are in urban areas, removing the tariff would seriously hamper the government’s effort to reduce urban unemployment over the next five years. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument? A. Some of the by-products of processing cashews are used for manufacturing paints and plastics. B. Other countries in which cashews are processed subsidize their processing plants C. More people in Kernland are engaged in farming cashews than in processing them. D. Buying unprocessed cashews at lower than world market prices enables cashew processors in Kernland to sell processed nuts at competitive prices. E. A lack of profitable crops is driving an increasing number of small farmers in Kernland off their land and into the cities.

Since February, the Federal Reserve has raised its short-term interest rate target five times, and (because of the economy's continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target will) be raised again in Novermner. A. because of the economy's continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target will B. with the economy's strength continuing, analysts predicted for weeks that the target C. because the economy continues strong, analysts predicted for weeks that the target would D. due to the economy's continued strength, analysts have been predicting for weeks that the target E. due to the fact of the economy's continued strength, analysts predicted for weeks that the target will 错选了C，答案给的A，请老师对比一下这两个选项。谢谢。

When people engage in activities that help others, their brain releases endorphins, the brain’s natural opiates, which induce in people a feeling of well-being. It has been suggested that regular release of endorphins increases people’s longevity. And a statistic on adults who regularly engage in volunteer work helping others shows that they live longer, on average, than adults who do not volunteer. However, that statistic would be what we would expect even if volunteering does not boost longevity, because___________ Which of the following most logically completes the argument? A In the communities studied, women were much more likely to do regular volunteer work than men were, and women tend to live longer than men do B The number of young adults who do regular volunteer work is on the increase C The feelings of well-being induced by endorphins can, at least for a time, mask the symptoms of various conditions and diseases, provided the symptoms are mild D It is rare for a person to keep up a regular schedule of volunteer work throughout his or her life E Some people find that keeping a commitment to do regular volunteer work becomes a source of stress in their lives 错选了C，答案给的A。A说女士比男士更可能做志愿活动，女士比男士活得长。这不是支持原文了么？可以题目不是应该驳斥吗？

英老师，我准备9.10第一次考gmat，做专区里面的模拟题，数学错题在8个左右，语文正确率太低了，才30%，而且还超时~语法题正确率最低。读题很慢，很多文章还读不懂。现在就是在小班专区里面做题，听解答，麻烦英老师给我一些复习建议。谢谢老师！！

Scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty centimeters of （Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there）. (A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there (B) Baltic Sea sediments, where the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings (C) Baltic Sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity (D) sediments from the Baltic Sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area (E) sediments from the Baltic Sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there 这题答案是D，但是觉得D的表达很不高效，当时就排除了。Review也没太看明白，请老师讲解一下

In recent years cattle breeders have increasingly used crossbreeding, (in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics) and partly because crossbreeding is said to provide hybrid vigor. (A) in part that their steers should acquire certain characteristics (B) in part for the acquisition of certain characteristics in their steers (C) partly because of their steers acquiring certain characteristics (D) partly because certain characteristics should be acquired by their steers (E) partly to acquire certain characteristics in their steers 看到划线后的and就想到平行，然后就错选了D，答案是E，不理解为什么，请老师讲解一下。谢谢！