问答

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[Critical Reasoning]

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题目：

A medieval manuscript called L contains all eighteen extant tragedies
by the Greek playwright Euripides. Of these, ten called the "select
plays," are accompanied in L by ancient commentaries and also
appear in other medieval manuscripts; this group includes some of
Euripides' best-known works, including the Medea. The other eight,
which appear in alphabetical order, without commentary. The Electra is
one of the alphabeticals.
 
Which of the following can be reliably concluded on the basis of the
Statements given?

选项:

A、Only Euripides' best-known works are accompanied by ancient commentaries in extant medieval manuscripts.
B、The select plays are accompanied by ancient commentaries because they were the best known of Euripides' works.
C、No commentaries were written about Euripides' Electra in ancient times.
D、Euripides' Medea never appears in medieval manuscripts unaccompanied by ancient commentary.
E、Euripides' Electra does not appear accompanied by a commentary in any extant medieval manuscript.

答案:

E
4答疑

[Reading Comprehension]

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文章：

Jon Clark’s study of the effect of the modernization of a telephone exchange on exchange maintenance work and workers is a solid contribution to a debate that encompasses two lively issues in the history and sociology of technology: technological determinism and social constructivism.

Clark makes the point that the characteristics of a technology have a decisive influence on job skills and work organization. Put more strongly, technology can be a primary determinant of social and managerial organization. Clark believes this possibility has been obscured by the recent sociological fashion, exemplified by Braverman’s analysis, that emphasizes the way machinery reflects social choices. For Braverman, the shape of a technological system is subordinate to the manager’s desire to wrest control of the labor process from the workers. Technological change is construed as the outcome of negotiations among interested parties who seek to incorporate their own interests into the design and configuration of the machinery. This position represents the new mainstream called social constructivism.

The constructivists gain acceptance by misrepresenting technological determinism: technological determinists are supposed to believe, for example, that machinery imposes appropriate forms of order on society. The alternative to constructivism, in other words, is to view technology as existing outside society, capable of directly influencing skills and work organization.

Clark refutes the extremes of the constructivists by both theoretical and empirical arguments. Theoretically he defines "technology" in terms of relationships between social and technical variables. Attempts to reduce the meaning of technology to cold, hard metal are bound to fail, for machinery is just scrap unless it is organized functionally and supported by appropriate systems of operation and maintenance. At the empirical level Clark shows how a change at the telephone exchange from maintenance-intensive electromechanical switches to semi-electronic switching systems altered work tasks, skills, training opportunities, administration, and organization of workers. Some changes Clark attributes to the particular way management and labor unions negotiated the introduction of the technology, whereas others are seen as arising from the capabilities and nature of the technology itself. Thus Clark helps answer the question: "When is social choice decisive and when are the concrete characteristics of technology more important?"

题目：

The information in the passage suggests that Clark believes that which of the following would be true if social constructivism had not gained widespread acceptance?

选项:

A、Businesses would be more likely to modernize without considering the social consequences of their actions.There would be greater understanding of the role played by technology in producing social change.
B、Businesses would be less likely to understand the attitudes of employees affected by modernization.
C、Modernization would have occurred at a slower rate.
D、Technology would have played a greater part in determining the role of business in society.

答案:

B
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[Sentence Correction]

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题目：

The first decision for most tenants living in a building undergoing being converted to cooperative ownership is if to sign a no-buy pledge with the other tenants.

选项:

A、being converted to cooperative ownership is if to sign 
B、being converted to cooperative ownership is whether they should be signing 
C、being converted to cooperative ownership is whether or not they sign 
D、conversion to cooperative ownership is if to sign 
E、conversion to cooperative ownership is whether to sign

答案:

E
4答疑

[Reading Comprehension]

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文章：

Some historians contend that conditions in the United States during the Second World War gave rise to a dynamic wartime alliance between trade unions and the African American community, an alliance that advanced the cause of civil rights.  They conclude that the postwar demise of this vital alliance constituted a lost opportunity for the civil rights movement that followed the war.  Other scholars, however, have portrayed organized labor as defending all along the relatively privileged position of White workers relative to African American workers.  Clearly, these two perspectives are not easily reconcilable, but the historical reality is not reducible to one or the other.
 
Unions faced a choice between either maintaining the prewar status quo or promoting a more inclusive approach that sought for all members the right to participate in the internal affairs of unions, access to skilled and high-paying positions within the occupational hierarchy, and protection against management's arbitrary authority in the workplace.  While union representatives often voiced this inclusive ideal, in practice unions far more often favored entrenched interests.  The accelerating development of the civil rights movement following the Second World War exacerbated the unions' dilemma, forcing trade unionists to confront contradictions in their own practices.

题目：

The "unions' dilemma" mentioned in the highlighted text can best be described as the question of whether or not to

选项:

A、pressure management to create more skilled and high-paying positions
B、fight for greater union participation in management decisions
C、include minority workers in their membership
D、extend full rights and benefits to all their members
E、emphasize the recruitment of new members over serving the needs of current members

答案:

D
4答疑

[Argument Essay]

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题目：

Read the statement and the instructions that follow it,and then make any notes that will help you plan your response.Begin typing your response in the box at the bottom of the screen.
 
The following appeared as part of a newspaper editorial.
 
"Two years ago Nova High School began to use interactive computer instruction in three academic subjects. The school dropout rate declined immediately, and last year's graduates have reported some impressive achievements in college. In future budgets the school board should use a greater portion of the available funds to buy more computers, and all schools in the district should adopt interactive computer instruction throughout the curriculum:"
 
Discuss how well reasoned.., etc.

选项:

答案:

4答疑

[Critical Reasoning]

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文章：

Delta Products Inc. has recently switched at least partly from older technologies using fossil fuels to new technologies powered by electricity. The question has been raised whether it can be concluded that for a given level of output Delta's operation now causes less fossil fuel to be consumed than it did formerly. The answer, clearly, is yes, since the amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less than the amount needed to power the older technologies, provided level of output is held constant.

题目：

In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play which of the following roles?

选项:

A、The first identifies the content of the conclusion of the argument; the second provides support for that conclusion.The first provides support for the conclusion of the argument; the second identifi es the content of that conclusion
B、The first states the conclusion of the argument; the second calls that conclusion into question. 
C、The first provides support for the conclusion of the argument; the second calls that conclusion into question
D、Each provides support for the conclusion of the argument.

答案:

B
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[Reading Comprehension]

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文章：

Line        Conodonts, the spiky phosphatic remains (bones
 and teeth composed of calcium phosphate) of
 tiny marine animals that probably appeared about
 520 million years ago, were once among the most
(5)controversial of fossils. Both the nature of the
 organism to which the remains belonged and the
 function of the remains were unknown. However,
 since the 1981 discovery of fossils preserving not
 just the phosphatic elements but also other remains
(10)of the tiny soft-bodied animals (also called conodonts)
 that bore them, scientists' reconstructions of the
 animals' anatomy have had important implications
 for hypotheses concerning the development of the
 vertebrate skeleton.
(15)     The vertebrate skeleton had traditionally been
 regarded as a defensive development, champions of
 this view postulating that it was only with the much
 later evolution of jaws that vertebrates became
 predators. The first vertebrates, which were soft-
(20)bodied, would have been easy prey for numerous
 invertebrate carnivores, especially if these early
 vertebrates were sedentary suspension feeders.
 Thus, traditionalists argued, these animals developed
 coverings of bony scales or plates, and teeth were
(25)secondary features, adapted from the protective
 bony scales. Indeed, external skeletons of this
 type are common among the well-known fossils of
 ostracoderms, jawless vertebrates that existed from
 approximately 500 to 400 million years ago.
(30)However, other paleontologists argued that many of
 the definitive characteristics of vertebrates, such as
 paired eyes and muscular and skeletal adaptations
 for active life, would not have evolved unless the
(35)first vertebrates were predatory. Teeth were more
 primitive than external armor according to this view,
 and the earliest vertebrates were predators.
      The stiffening notochord along the back of the
 body, V-shaped muscle blocks along the sides,
(40)and posterior tail fins help to identify conodonts as
 among the most primitive of vertebrates. The lack of
 any mineralized structures apart from the elements
 in the mouth indicates that conodonts were more
 primitive than the armored jawless fishes such as the
(45)ostracoderms. It now appears that the hard parts that
 first evolved in the mouth of an animal improved its
 efficiency as a predator, and that aggression rather
 than protection was the driving force behind the origin
 of the vertebrate skeleton.

题目：

It can be inferred that on the basis of the 1981 discovery of conodont remains, paleontologists could draw which of the following conclusions?

选项:

答案:

B
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[Sentence Correction]

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题目：

Over the course of the eighteenth century, the average output of ironwork tripled as a result of several improvements in blowing machinery and because coal replaced charcoal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore.

选项:

A、Over the course of the eighteenth century, the average output of ironwork tripled as a result of several improvements in blowing machinery and because coal replaced charcoal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore.
B、Over the course of the eighteenth century a tripling in the average output of ironwork was due to the replacement of charcoal by coal for the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore, in addition to several improvements in blowing machinery.
C、With charcoal's being replaced by coal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore and several improvements in blowing machinery, the average output of ironwork tripled over the eighteenth century.
D、The replacement of charcoal with coal for the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore and several improvements in blowing machinery, the average output of ironwork tripled over the eighteenth century.
E、Charcoal being replaced by coal as the fuel used in the smelting of iron ore, and several improvements in blowing machinery, which tripled the average output of ironwork over the course of the eighteenth century.

答案:

A
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[Critical Reasoning]

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题目：

Unless tiger hunting decreases, tigers will soon be extinct in the wild.  The countries in which the tigers' habitats are located are currently debating joint legislation that would ban tiger hunting.  Thus, if these countries can successfully enforce this legislation, the survival of tigers in the wild will be ensured.
 
The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

选项:

A、assumes without sufficient warrant that a ban on tiger hunting could be successfully enforced
B、considers the effects of hunting on tigers without also considering the effects of hunting on other endangered animal species
C、fails to take into account how often tiger hunters are unsuccessful in their attempts to kill tigers
D、neglects to consider the results of governmental attempts in the past to limit tiger hunting
E、takes the removal of an impediment to the tigers' survival as a guarantee of their survival

答案:

E
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[Sentence Correction]

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题目：

There are hopeful signs that we are shifting away from our heavy reliance on fossil fuels:  more than ten times as much energy is generated through wind power now than it was in 1990.

选项:

A、generated through wind power now than it was
B、generated through wind power now as it was
C、generated through wind power now as was the case
D、now generated through wind power as it was
E、now generated through wind power than was the case

答案:

C
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1289浏览

[Undefined]

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Art historian: Unlike many artistic traditions that sought to depict plants native to the local area in a seasonally appropriate way (for example, depicting scenes of spring with the plants in the appropriate stages of development for that season), seventeenth-century Dutch artists specializing in flower paintings almost exclusively chose to depict exotic species of flowers from outside the local area. Painting such species was worthwhile primarily because the art-buying public had developed a strong preference for images of the exotic. The great botanical centers of the time gave the artists direct access to such flowers, which the artists would freely combine in a single painting, regardless of whether the combined species occurred together in the wild, and depicted each in full bloom, regardless of whether those species bloomed at the same time in nature.

Statement: The art historian makes the point that the species of flowers these Dutch artists chose to paint were 1 largely because the species were 2 .

Select for 1 and for 2 the options that complete the statement so that it is most strongly supported by the information provided. Make only two selections, one in each column.
我选的CE，和EC有什么区别？怎么选出EC的？
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An unusually severe winter occurred in Europe after the continent was blanketed by a blue haze resulting from the eruption of the Laki Volcano in the European republic of Iceland in the summer of 1984.  Thus, it is evident that major eruptions cause the atmosphere to become cooler than it would be otherwise.
Which of the following statements, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
C选项为什么就不会有张冠李戴的问题呢，1984和1982的气候情况能一样吗，C里的火山就可以试用于原文的火山吗
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[Undefined]

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The rate of a certain chemical reaction is directly proportional to the square of the concentration of chemical A present and inversely proportional to the concentration of chemical B present. If the concentration of chemical B is increased by 100 percent, which of the following is closest to the percent change in the concentration of chemical A required to keep the reaction rate unchanged?
为什么这个题一定是相乘不能是相加呢？y=k1A方-k2B （k1,k2大于0 ），也满足题目说的与A方成正比与B成反比啊？但是这道题只有相乘的情况才能选出正确答案
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[Undefined]

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Tiger beetles are such fast runners that they can capture virtually any nonflying insect.  However, when running toward an insect, the beetles intermittently stop, and then, a moment later, resume their attack.  Perhaps they cannot maintain their pace and must pause for a moment's rest; but an alternative hypothesis is that while running tiger beetles are unable to process the resulting rapidly changing visual information, and so quickly go blind and stop.
 
Which of the following, if discovered in experiments using artificially moved prey insects, would support one of the two hypotheses and undermine the other?
答案C是怎么支持一个猜想又削弱另一个猜想的？
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2995浏览

[GWD]

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The author of the passage implies that which of the following is a possible partial explanation for acquisition behavior during the 1970's and 1980's?
请解释这道题为什么不选C或E，除了正确选项B，我认为文中也正确地提到了这两个选项可以解释acquisition behavior during 1970s and 80s
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[OG]

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The primary purpose of the passage is to
为什么选E不选B
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[Undefined]

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Club X has more than 10 but fewer than 40 members. Sometimes the members sit at tables with 3 members at one table and 4 members at each of the other tables, and sometimes they sit at tables with 3 members at one table and 5 members at each of the other tables. If they sit at tables with 6 members at each table except one and fewer than 6 members at that one table, how many members will be at the table that has fewer than 6 members?
提问小梅老师 这道题求讲一下 我没什么思路 带入数字得的是3
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[Undefined]

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A photography dealer ordered 60 Model X cameras to be sold for $250 each, which represents a 20 percent markup over the dealer's initial cost for each camera. Of the cameras ordered, 6 were never sold and were returned to the manufacturer for a refund of 50 percent of the dealer's initial cost. What was the dealer's approximate profit or loss as a percent of the dealer's initial cost for the 60 cameras?
请问小梅老师 这道题讲讲一下 我算的是19% 原来成本是200每个 亏了6个 每个亏100. 最后得不出答案
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[Undefined]

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Analytical!
请问may老师，这题该用什么思路来做？
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[Undefined]

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Analytical!
请问张老师，这道题为什么D不对？我有我觉得second paragraph最后一句话特别指向D
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