[Data Sufficiency]
试题详情
题目:
How many different factors does the integer n have?
(1) n = a4b3, where a and b are different positive prime numbers.
(2) The only positive prime numbers that are factors of n are 5 and 7.
选项:
答案:
A
| Line | Jon Clarks study of the effect of the modernization |
| of a telephone exchange on exchange maintenance | |
| work and workers is a solid contribution to a debate | |
| that encompasses two lively issues in the history and | |
| (5) | sociology of technology: technological determinism |
| and social constructivism. | |
| Clark makes the point that the characteristics of a | |
| technology have a decisive influence on job skills and | |
| work organization. Put more strongly, technology can | |
| (10) | be a primary determinant of social and managerial |
| organization. Clark believes this possibility has | |
| been obscured by the recent sociological fashion, | |
| exemplified by Bravermans analysis, that emphasizes | |
| the way machinery reflects social choices. For | |
| (15) | Braverman, the shape of a technological system is |
| subordinate to the managers desire to wrest control | |
| of the labor process from the workers. Technological | |
| change is construed as the outcome of negotiations | |
| among interested parties who seek to incorporate | |
| (20) | their own interests into the design and configuration |
| of the machinery. This position represents the new | |
| mainstream called social constructivism. | |
| The constructivists gain acceptance by | |
| misrepresenting technological determinism: | |
| (25) | technological determinists are supposed to believe, |
| for example, that machinery imposes appropriate | |
| forms of order on society. The alternative to | |
| constructivism, in other words, is to view technology | |
| as existing outside society, capable of directly | |
| (30) | influencing skills and work organization. |
| Clark refutes the extremes of the constructivists | |
| by both theoretical and empirical arguments. | |
| Theoretically he defines technology in terms of | |
| relationships between social and technical variables. | |
| (35) | Attempts to reduce the meaning of technology to |
| cold, hard metal are bound to fail, for machinery is | |
| just scrap unless it is organized functionally and | |
| supported by appropriate systems of operation and | |
| maintenance. At the empirical level Clark shows how | |
| (40) | a change at the telephone exchange from |
| maintenance-intensive electromechanical switches | |
| to semielectronic switching systems altered work | |
| tasks, skills, training opportunities, administration, | |
| and organization of workers. Some changes Clark | |
| (45) | attributes to the particular way management and |
| labor unions negotiated the introduction of the | |
| technology, whereas others are seen as arising from | |
| the capabilities and nature of the technology itself. | |
| Thus Clark helps answer the question: When is | |
| (50) | social choice decisive and when are the concrete |
| characteristics of technology more important? |