Reading Comprehension
试题详情
文章：
| Line | Because the framers of the United States |
| Constitution (written in 1787) believed that protecting | |
| property rights relating to inventions would encourage | |
| the new nation’s economic growth, they gave | |
| (5) | Congress—the national legislature—a constitutional |
| mandate to grant patents for inventions. The resulting | |
| patent system has served as a model for those in | |
| other nations. Recently, however, scholars have | |
| questioned whether the American system helped | |
| (10) | achieve the framers’ goals. These scholars have |
| contended that from 1794 to roughly 1830, American | |
| inventors were unable to enforce property rights | |
| because judges were “antipatent” and routinely | |
| invalidated patents for arbitrary reasons. This | |
| (15) | argument is based partly on examination of court |
| decisions in cases where patent holders (“patentees”) | |
| brought suit alleging infringement of their patent | |
| rights. In the 1820s, for instance, 75 percent | |
| of verdicts were decided against the patentee. | |
| (20) | The proportion of verdicts for the patentee began to |
| increase in the 1830s, suggesting to these scholars | |
| that judicial attitudes toward patent rights began | |
| shifting then. | |
| Not all patent disputes in the early nineteenth | |
| (25) | century were litigated, however, and litigated |
| cases were not drawn randomly from the | |
| population of disputes. Therefore the rate of | |
| verdicts in favor of patentees cannot be used | |
| by itself to gauge changes in judicial attitudes | |
| (30) | or enforceability of patent rights. If early judicial |
| decisions were prejudiced against patentees, one | |
| might expect that subsequent courts—allegedly | |
| more supportive of patent rights—would reject | |
| the former legal precedents. But pre-1830 | |
| (35) | cases have been cited as frequently as later |
| decisions, and they continue to be cited today, | |
| suggesting that the early decisions, many of | |
| which clearly declared that patent rights were | |
| a just recompense for inventive ingenuity, | |
| (40) | provided a lasting foundation for patent law. |
| The proportion of judicial decisions in favor of | |
| patentees began to increase during the 1830s | |
| because of a change in the underlying population | |
| of cases brought to trial. This change was partly | |
| (45) | due to an 1836 revision to the patent system: |
| an examination procedure, still in use today, was | |
| instituted in which each application is scrutinized | |
| for its adherence to patent law. Previously, | |
| patents were automatically granted upon payment | |
| (50) | of a $30 fee. |
题目：
The author of the passage cites which of the following as evidence challenging the argument referred to in lines 14–15 ?
选项:
A、The proportion of cases that were decided against patentees in the 1820s
B、The total number of patent disputes that were litigated from 1794 to 1830
C、The fact that later courts drew upon the legal precedents set in pre-1830 patent cases
D、The fact that the proportion of judicial decisions in favor of patentees began to increase during the 1830s
E、The constitutional rationale for the 1836 revision of the patent system
答案:
C
提问：
定位到14-15行this argument 然后往前找 这个argument是什么 （前一句） judges were “antipatent” and routinely invalidated patents for arbitrary reasons.司法是反对patent 的 选项 D 说的是 司法决定支持patentees 的比率增多 我认为可以表达challenge 所以选 D 请问老师我的思路错在哪里 ？ C比D 好在哪里？ 谢谢老师
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