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[Reading Comprehension]

试题详情

文章:

    For many years, historians thought that the development of capitalism had not faced serious challenges in the United States. Writing in the early twentieth century, Progressive historians sympathized with the battles waged by farmers and small producers against large capitalists in the late nineteenth century, but they did not question the widespread acceptance of laissez-faire (unregulated) capitalism throughout American history. Similarly, Louis Hartz, who sometimes disagreed with the Progressives, argued that Americans accepted laissez-faire capitalism without challenge because they lacked a feudal, precapitalist past. Recently, however, some scholars have argued that even though laissez-faire became the prevailing ethos in nineteen-century America, it was not accepted without struggle. Laissez-faire capitalism, they suggest, clashed with existing religious and communitarian norms that imposed moral constraints on acquisitiveness to protect the weak from the predatory, the strong from corruption, and the entire culture from materialist excess. Buttressed by mercantilist notions that government should be both regulator and promoter of economic activity, these norms persisted long after the American Revolution helped unleash the economic forces that produced capitalism. These scholars argue that even in the late nineteenth century, with the government's role in the economy considerably diminished, laissez-faire had not triumphed completely. Hard times continued to revive popular demands for regulating business and softening the harsh edges of aissez-faire capitalism.

题目:

The primary purpose of the passage is to

选项:

A、reveal the underlying similarities of certain arguments regarding the development of capitalism in the United States
B、synthesize two competing arguments regarding the development of capitalism in the United States
C、defend an established argument regarding the development of capitalism in the United States
D、summarize a scholarly refutation of an argument regarding the development of capitalism in the United States
E、discuss a new methodology for the study of the development of capitalism in the United States

答案:

D

提问:

请问张慧雯老师,本题文章大概的框架应该是有一帮人不否定laissez-faire,然后另一些学者否定laissez-faire 的作用然后就在bd里面徘徊,不知道为什么d出错概率比b小。因为看到了两帮人对立的观点就选了b

解答:

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解答: 张慧雯

提问:

请问张慧雯老师,本题文章大概的框架应该是有一帮人不否定laissez-faire,然后另一些学者否定laissez-faire 的作用然后就在bd里面徘徊,不知道为什么d出错概率比b小。因为看到了两帮人对立的观点就选了b

解答:

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解答: 张慧雯老师

提问:

错选C,没明白D这个选项里面summarize是怎么来的

解答:

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解答: sysadmin老师

提问:

通过把范围窄的排除掉最后剩下了C和D。 错选了C 请唐唐老师讲一下。

解答:

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解答: sysadmin老师

提问:

我是根据"Similarly,..."那句话得出LH认为laissez-faire的接受是没有收到挑战的。然后,在后文中,"Recently,however..."那句话中讲到some scholars认为laissez-faire 是经历了挑战才被接受的。所以认为,是两种观点的碰撞误选了B。请老师帮助解答。

解答:

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解答: sysadmin老师

提问:

读了梗概句,选了B,听了之前的录音,老师说因为synthesize是综合的意思,本文作者没有对这些观点进行整合。确实如此,但是summarize也有总结概括的意思啊~~~ 我的理解是,B选项的two competing arguments错了,因为Recently, however, some scholars have argued that even though……那句也有对前人观点的认同,所以它们并不是competing的。 这样想对么~~

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解答: sysadmin老师

提问:

分不清选项B与选项D的区别。麻烦老师讲解一下。谢谢!

解答:

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解答: sysadmin老师

提问:

A呈现什么的相同点,B综合什么观点,C是保护什么,D总结什么,E是讨论什么,所以把C先杀了。又因为E说了具体的方法学,把E杀了,其他的要看原文。但听了老师您以前的录音说,AB是比较,所以一开始就杀,还有当时老师留下了C,说它很虚,这两点我不明白,希望老师能解答一下~谢谢 还有与下面这道题对比,该题的E老师说是最虚的,如果D的advocate不是虚的,那上面这题的defend不是虚的吗 The primary purpose of the passage is to Passage Extensive research has shown that the effects of short-term price promotions on sales are themselves short-term. Companies' hopes that promotions might have a positive aftereffect have not been borne out for reasons that researchers have been able to identify. A price promotion entices only a brand's long-term or "loyal" customers; people seldom buy an unfamiliar brand merely because the price is reduced. They simply avoid paying more than they have to when one of their customary brands is temporarily available at a reduced price. A price promotion does not increase the number of long-term customers of a brand, as it attracts virtually no new customers in the first place. Nor do price promotions have lingering aftereffects for a brand, even negative ones such as damage to a brand's reputation or erosion of customer loyalty, as is often feared. So why do companies spend so much on price promotions? Clearly price promotions are generally run at a loss, otherwise there would be more of them. And the bigger the increase in sales at promotion prices, the bigger the loss. While short-term price promotions can have legitimate uses, such as reducing excess inventory, it is the recognizable increase in sales that is their main attraction to management, which is therefore reluctant to abandon this strategy despite its effect on the bottom line. compare the arguments in favor of a certain strategy with those against it attack a certain strategy by enumerating its negative consequences justify the use of a certain strategy in light of certain criticisms that have been made against it advocate a particular strategy by arguing against an alternative explain the effects of a certain strategy and the primary motivations for adopting it

解答:

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解答: sysadmin老师

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