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[Reading Comprehension]

试题详情

文章:

    In Winters v. United States (1908), the Supreme Court held that the right to use waters flowing through or adjacent to the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was reserved to American Indians by the treaty establishing the reservation. Although this treaty did not mention water rights, the Court ruled that the federal government, when it created thereservation, intended to deal fairly with American Indians by preserving for them the waters without which their lands would have been useless. Later decisions, citing Winters, established that courts can find federal rights to reserve water for particular purposes if (1) the land in question lies within an enclave under exclusive federal jurisdiction, (2) the land has been formally withdrawn from federal public lands — i.e., withdrawn from the stock of federal lands available for private use under federal land use laws — and set aside or reserved, and (3) the circumstances reveal the government intended to reserve water as well as land when establishing the reservation.

    Some American Indian tribes have also established water rights through the courts based on their traditional diversion and use of certain waters prior to the United States' acquisition of sovereignty. For example, the Rio Grande pueblos already existed when the United States acquired sovereignty over New Mexico in 1848. Although they at that time became part of the United States, the pueblo lands never formally constituted a part of federal public lands; in any event, no treaty, statute, or executive order has ever designated or withdrawn the pueblos from public lands as American Indian reservations. This fact, however, has not barred application of the Winters doctrine. What constitutes an American Indian reservation is a question of practice, not of legal definition, and the pueblos have always been treated as reservations by the United States. This pragmatic approach is buttressed by Arizona v. California (1963), wherein the Supreme Court indicated that the manner in which any type of federal reservation is created does not affect the application to it of the Winters doctrine. Therefore, the reserved water rights of Pueblo Indians have priority over other citizens' water rights as of 1848, the year in which pueblos must be considered to have become reservations.

题目:

According to the passage, which of the following was true of the treaty establishing the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation?

选项:

A、It was challenged in the Supreme Court a number of times.
B、It was rescinded by the federal government, an action that gave rise to the Winters case.
C、It cited American Indians' traditional use of the land's resources.
D、It failed to mention water rights to be enjoyed by the reservation's inhabitants.
E、It was modified by the Supreme Court in Arizona v. California.

答案:

D

提问:

文章几乎没读懂… 所以无法定位…因此没有提炼出逻辑链,请详细分析一下…

解答:

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解答: 金栩竹

提问:

文章几乎没读懂… 所以无法定位…因此没有提炼出逻辑链,请详细分析一下…

解答:

点赞-1
阅读1541
解答: 金栩竹老师

提问:

请问为什么不选C,原文开头有提到

解答:

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阅读1533
解答: 金栩竹老师

提问:

Yellow jackets number among the 900 or so species of the world’s social wasps, wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of females—the queen and her sterile female workers. (A) wasps living in a highly cooperative and organized society where they consist almost entirely of (B) wasps that live in a highly cooperative and organized society consisting almost entirely of (C) which means they live in a highly cooperative and organized society, almost all (D) which means that their society is highly cooperative, organized, and it is almost entirely (E) living in a society that is highly cooperative, organized, and it consistsof almost all 老师,我想问一下 D选项如果去掉it is可以吗?C选项中的which是因为不能指代整句话错了吗?

解答:

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阅读1514
解答: sysadmin老师

提问:

为什么选D不选A

解答:

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解答: sysadmin老师

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