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[Critical Reasoning]

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance. Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?

[Critical Reasoning]

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance. Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?

[Critical Reasoning]

The spacing of the four holes on a fragment of a bone flute excavated at a Neanderthal campsite is just what is required to play the third through sixth notes of the diatonic scale—the seven-note musical scale used in much of Western music since the Renaissance. Musicologists therefore hypothesize that the diatonic musical scale was developed and used thousands of years before it was adopted by Western musicians.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the hypothesis?

[Critical Reasoning]

The Chabberton Post-Gazette reported that the overall volume of retail sales in Chabberton was lower last year than it was the year before. The Post-Gazette based that conclusion on a survey of all retail stores that were in business in Chabberton throughout both of those years: these stores, taken together, had a smaller sales volume last year than the year before.

Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the Post-Gazette's conclusion?

[Critical Reasoning]

The argument above assumes that

[Critical Reasoning]

During the past year, Pro-Tect Insurance Company's total payouts on car-theft claims were larger than the company can afford to sustain.  Pro-Tect cannot reduce the number of car-theft policies it carries, so cannot protect itself against continued large payouts that way.  Therefore, Pro-Tect has decided to offer a discount to holders of car-theft policies whose cars have antitheft devices.  Many policyholders will respond to the discount by installing antitheft devices, since the amount of the discount will within two years typically more than cover the cost of installation.  Thus, because cars with antitheft devices are rarely stolen, Pro-Tect's plan is likely to reduce its annual payouts.
 
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

[Critical Reasoning]

Which of the following statements, if true, is the best basis for a criticism of historical costing as an economically sound pricing method for military contracts?

[Critical Reasoning]

A study compared a sample of Swedish people older than 75 who needed in-home assistance with a similar sample of Israeli people. The people in the two samples received both informal assistance, provided by family and friends, and formal assistance, professionally provided. Although Sweden and Israel have equally well-funded and comprehensive systems for providing formal assistance, the study found that the people in the Swedish sample received more formal assistance, on average, than those in the Israeli sample.

Which of the following, if true, does most to explain the difference that the study found?

[Reading Comprehension]

The primary purpose of the passage is to

[Reading Comprehension]

The primary purpose of the passage is to
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